Dr. Jack Kruse

QUANTUM ENGINEERING #72: MELANIN SUPERPOSITION

Added 2024-05-20 20:54:37 +0000 UTC

What if I was to tell you the two most important biomolecules that do this is dopamine and melatonin, would you believe it? Dopamine derives itself from the breakdown of melanin. Melanin can be made accretively from dopamine as well. This allows life to experience the world as it is not. It provides cells a new lens, a new perspective of what life might be like when additional energy is added to the mix. Ironically, a loss of oxygen is how melanin becomes dopamine. When you turn your attention away from reality, dopamine jumps to action. It allows you to "move beyond the concrete", to a realm that doesn't yet exist. It motivates you to pursue, to control, and to possess a universe beyond your immediate grasp.

To make large collections of semiconductive proteins like dopamine and melatonin quantum coherent you need to link them together electrically. Melanin does this for mammals. Melanin in your skin and neuroectoderm conduct DC electricity. This is what links these biomolecules.

Melanin is the master semiconductive protein in mammals. Dopamine can be the child of melanin degradation. But melanin can be made accretively from dopamine as well. It is a bidirectional pathway in mammals. Dopamine can be made many ways by mammals. This neurotransmitter is often referred to as the "reward molecule". From my vantage point, life in the primate clade is based around the thrill of the chase, the anticipation of something new, and the excitement of getting something that's novel and unexpected. It is what really gets our molecules buzzing.

IS MITOCHONDRIA: METABOLISM LINKED TO MELANIN RENOVATION ENDOGENOUSLY?

Dopamine and melatonin have to be linked electrically to become coherent. This tells us that there should be a deep tie in mitchondrial metabolism and the electrical coupling of dopamine and melatonin. What is it?

Amano et al. (cite 4) have provided a theoretical framework that demonstrates that resting tremor and other motor behaviors seen in Parkinson's Disease are actually metabolically energy efficient. They posit that the role of dopamine, which can be a precursor to the formation of neuromelanin, and energy metabolism in the brain is linked and supported this assertion with research finding that “dopamine lesions result in reduced glucose uptake,” showing a preservation of energy, and dopamine is related to glucose metabolism. They conclude, “the loss of dopamine neurons in Parkinson's Disease is likely to contribute to dysfunctional glucose metabolism.” Ironically none of them have made the link to why red light lowers blood glucose by 27% nor why when melanin is missing in cells endogenously, cells lose their ROS generation power from mitochondrial metabolism.

It appears that ROS and a lack of redlight production in mitochondria maybe the key link in diseases associated with altered glucose metabolism. They also note the growing amount of literature arguing mitochondrial dysfunction is common in Parkinson's Disease and is causing metabolic dysfunction. They went on to say that they have discovered that there is an inverse relationship between melanin levels and mitochondrial ATP production. In fact, it appeared to them that melanin may hold the primary supply of energy while mitochondria produce supplemental energy, in an opposing, but complimentary, interdependent relationship.

BACK TO SUPERPOSITION OF DOPAMINE. MELATONIN, AND MELANIN

In quantum science, objects such as electrons and photons have wavelike properties that can combine and become what is called superposed. Particles are not the only thing that can be superposed. So can whole atoms. Did you know that this ability in quantum mechanics is not limited to just atoms either.

Complex molecules can be superposed.

Many have heard about many world interpretations verison of quantum mechanics. Very few have heard about many world chemicals that are capable of staying in superposition to deliver different possibilities and outcomes in Nature.

Physicists have now proven any chunk of matter can also occupy two places at once. Physicists call this phenomenon "quantum superposition," and for decades, they have demonstrated it using small particles. But in recent years, physicists have scaled up their experiments, demonstrating quantum superposition using larger and larger particles.

The double-slit experiment reveals the central puzzles of the decentralized systems in quantum mechanics, putting us ‘up against the paradoxes and mysteries and peculiarities of nature".

Researchers had long known that light, fired through a sheet with two slits in it, would create an interference pattern, or a series of light and dark fringes, on the wall behind the sheet. But light was understood as a massless wave, not something made of particles, so this wasn’t surprising. However, in a series of famous experiments in the 1920s, physicists showed that electrons fired through thin films or crystals would behave in a similar way, forming patterns like light does on the wall behind the diffracting material.

If electrons were simply particles, and so could occupy only one point in space at a time, they would form two strips, roughly the shape of the slits, on the wall behind the film or crystal. But instead, the electrons hit that wall in complex patterns suggesting the electrons had interfered with themselves . That is a telltale sign of a wave; in some spots, the peaks of the waves coincide, creating brighter regions, while in other spots, the peaks coincide with troughs, so the two cancel each other out and create a dark region. Because physicists already knew that electrons had mass and were definitely particles, the experiment showed that matter acts both as individual particles and as waves.

But it’s one thing to create an interference pattern with electrons. Doing it with giant molecules is a lot trickier. Bigger molecules have less-easily detected waves, because more massive objects have shorter wavelengths that can lead to barely-perceptible interference patterns. And these 2,000-atom particles have wavelengths smaller than the diameter of a single hydrogen atom, so their interference pattern is much less dramatic.

To pull off the double-slit experiment for big things, the researchers built a machine that could fire a beam of molecules (hulking things called “oligo-tetraphenylporphyrins enriched with fluoroalkylsulfanyl chains,” some more than 25,000 times the mass of a simple hydrogen atom) through a series of grates and sheets bearing multiple slits. Recall cells are filled with porphyrins like the two below.

In the experiment in Cite #1, the beam was about 6.5 feet long. That’s big enough that the researchers had to account for factors like gravity and the rotation of the Earth in designing the beam emitter. They also kept the molecules fairly warm for a quantum physics experiment, so they had to account for heat jostling the particles.

When the researchers switched the machine on, the detectors at the far end of the beam revealed an interference pattern like we see with electrons. In fact, the molecules being studied were clearly occupying multiple points in space at once. This means large biomolecules can and do act like electrons do. They do have a superposed ability.

It’s an exciting result, for quantum biology, proving quantum interference at larger scales is possible. This was the first time in history this has been detected.

SUMMARY

The implications of this endogenous ability in chemicals is the basis of how MOLECULAR RESONACE operates. Molecular resonance is a quantum mechanical characteristic of all matter. This ABILITY is inherently BUILT into how REALITY is perceived. It is buried inside of the chemicals that cells have chosen to use through evolutionary timescales.

The most important biomolecules are coded for by DNA. DNA seems to favor biomolecules that have specific semiconductive and optical characteristics in their absorption and emission spectra. The design process of cellular life begins with the DNA code. Centralized biology today is a detailed, disorganized collection of disparate facts. It is like a hoarder’s basement, or a rat’s nest. There is no decentralized connecting design of what is buried in DNA’s code. You can scoop up a bag full of facts and try to make sense of it, but that would be an exercise in futility. True wisdom is fractal and non linear. The design can be complex, with microscopic details, but the overall design is coherent and beautiful. To make large collections of semiconductive proteins quantum coherent you need to link them together electrically.

We do this PHOTOELECTRICALLY. This idea implies that cells have some electric tuning ability built into their protein structure.

It appears the choice is related to the spectrum of light that interacts with them. Possibilities and probabilities for life is made tunable just by changing the incident light photons. That is how these chemicals all operate. This implies that your mitochondrial metabolism creates an adaptable light spectrum during metabolism and it is this light that tunes and controls the chemicals in you to act in different ways.

A dopamine molecule consists of a catechol structure (a benzene ring with two hydroxyl side groups) with one amine group attached via an ethyl chain. The amine part of the ring contains nitrogen. If you draw the two possible Kekulé structures for benzene (pic below), you will know that the real structure of benzene isn't like either of them. The molecular structure acts like it is capable of being in two states.

The two structures above for benzene's ring are known as canonical forms, and they can each be thought of as adding some knowledge to the real structure. For example, the bond drawn at the top right of the molecule is neither truly single or double, but somewhere in between. Similarly with all the other bonds. The real structure is somewhere between the two - all the bonds are identical and somewhere between single and double in character.

Benzene two structures also sit in a superposed position. That's because of the electron delocalization in the benzene ring. The aromatic rings of carbon in benzene are the playground for bio- photons as the picture below shows. Those benzene rings capture the photons and tune it.

As such, dopamine is the simplest possible catecholamine, a family that also includes the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and epinephrine.

If we take the two forms as the picture above shows perhaps the two most important ones, it suggests that there is delocalization of the electrons over the whole structure of the 6 carbon ring. With dopamine above, that electron density is a bit low around the nitrogen atom carrying the positive charge on one canonical form or the other. Any canonical form that you draw that shows nitrogen close to the ring, it follows that another atom must balance that charge. In dopamine that atom is oxygen at the 7 and 10 o'clock positions. Where the charge change occurs changes the absorption and emission spectra of dopamine. Separating negative and positive charges in this fashion is thermodynamically unfavorable. This is how tunability occurs with charge separation in a benzene ring. Light tunes molecules by altering their charges. This is why all the aromatic amino acids have benzene rings in their molecules. This also happens in methylene blue.

HOW DO YOU CREATE YOUR INNER MASTERPIECE? YOUR CHOICES DICTATE THAT PATH

Dopamine controls the process of choice and action. Nothing EXCELLENT ever happens without EXECUTION. No masterpiece has ever been made by INTENTION alone. EXECUTION takes INITIATIVE and INTELLIGENCE. EXECUTION is the antidote to PROCRASTINATION. Ideation without execution leads to deletion of any idea. A poor idea executed accomplishes more than a great idea that stays locked away in a person’s head. This blog is exploring how the small changes in light can affect change in your brain. Actions end superposition. Actions - executions of ideas. EXECUTION calls off the fence of indecision and put us in the valley of decision; it calls us off the bench and onto the field. It does matter how much talent you have as a player in your life, but that talent is useless with inaction because you can never score a goal while you’re on the bench. That is how dopamine is the molecule of more for mammals.

This idea explains to us how dopamine can do all the things it is capable of doing without a lot of modifications we can observe biochemically. Dopamine drives you to seek out things far away, both physical, things you are blinded to, such as love, sex, wisdom, and power. Changing your ultraweal biophoton signature and shining it onto dopamine in certain circuits allows you to put hot sauce on your dinner, think about building rockets to fly to the moon, worshipping a God in the sky, beyind the space and time frames you live in. This chemical appears to have unlimited abiliities to bring to your life endless possibilities over any distance, whether that distance is intellectually or geographical. In your brain's quantum computer, dopamine has become a single molecule that is the ultimate evolutionary handy tool. It is what moved us past Neanderthals, and began to urge us, through multiple tracts in our brains to move beyond the pleasure of just being, into exploring the cosmos of possibilities that come into focus when we imagine. Every creature on Earth has dopamine and melatonin in their cells, but no creature has more of them then humans. Madness and genius both depend on how dopamine is programmed by light. This tells you dopamine itself is capable of superposition. This idea also underpins this cliche as well. Talent hits targets no one else can hit; but genius hits targets no one else can even see.

I think this idea extends to chiral molecules in biology. DNA is made up of chiral molecules. Matter-wave diffraction patterns can put chiral molecules into superpositions of left- and right-handed forms. Experiments have already shown it and this will enabling new studies to be done of how the two states interact with their environment to give two different outcomes.

Small chiral molecules such as amino acids and sugars are the building blocks of larger molecules, such as proteins and nucleic acids, which are also chiral. A chiral molecule and its mirror image are called enantiomers; one is dextrorotatory (D) and the other is levorotatory (L). This is another way evolution likely happens that is also a break with Darwinism.

Most of you know I think this guy in the Tweet is a Twit when it comes to science. But even a blind squirrel is able to tell time correctly twice a day. Listen carefully what he says about Neanderthals and what I have told you about dopamine and creatitivity in this series already.

https://x.com/got_cake/status/1791306643809980457

Semiconductive quantum dots (QDs) have been widely used for fluorescent labelling in modern experiments. However, their ability to transfer electrons and holes to biomolecules leads to spectral changes and effects on living systems that have yet to be exploited in centralized science. Cells appear to do this easily.

How do I envision how this operates in us?

Quantum Dot-dopamine conjugates can be used to label living cells in a redox-sensitive pattern: under reducing conditions, fluorescence is only seen in the cell periphery and lysosomes. As the cell becomes more oxidized, Quantum dot labelling appears mostly in the perinuclear region of cells. This would include in or on surrounding mitochondria where biophotons are created metabolically in mtDNA.

With the most-oxidizing cellular conditions, Quantum dot labelling throughout the cell is seen already in experiments. Thee experiments have taught us phototoxicity results from the creation of singlet oxygen, and it can be reduced with antioxidants. Melatonin is the major antioxidant inside the cell created by mitochondria to manage this process. there are many small molecule proteins liberated from mitochondria that could do this. When you comprehend what I am proposing here this picture below should have new meaning. It shows you how reality is perceived and how it can be changed rather easily. This explains how dopamine can build creativity, madness and genius in humans and how its creation can vary in one single life to explain what happened as Jimi Henrdrix, Kurt Cobain, or Jackson Pollack as they aged in their own lives with their light choices.

The living universe selects for maximum entropy, and minimum waste heat. Melanin was critical in evolution of bringing biological complexity to the interior of mammals.

In this context, the melanin universe in mammals can and should be seen as a self-organizing system that seeks to optimize its energy use and minimize waste heat. This is reflected in the emergence of complex structures and patterns in the universe, from the formation of galaxies and stars to the development of dopamine, and life on Earth.

The universe and cells have much in common. Both are decentralized systems.

The idea that the a cell and the universe are self-organizing systems that seeks to maximize entropy and minimize waste heat has far-reaching implications for our understanding of life and the universe and our place within it. It suggests that the universe is a dynamic and ever-changing system that is constantly seeking to optimize its energy use and maximize its complexity. It also suggests that tissues, collection of cells have the same ability buried within them.

Dopamine narrates your life and it is the main story teller of how life came to be within the primate clade in evolution.